AAIDD Definition of Intellectual Disability

Author: American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD)
Published: 2010/09/07 - Updated: 2025/02/13
Publication Details: Peer-Reviewed, Awareness, Appreciation
Category Topic: Glossary and Definitions - Academic Publications

Page Content: Synopsis - Introduction - Main

Synopsis: This peer-reviewed article presents the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities' (AAIDD) definition of intellectual disability, emphasizing the importance of individualized supports in enhancing the functioning of affected individuals. It discusses the criteria for diagnosis, including limitations in intellectual functioning, adaptive behavior, and onset during the developmental period. The article also highlights the Social Security Administration's adoption of AAIDD's definition in its revised criteria for evaluating mental disorders, aiming for more accurate assessments and appropriate benefit allocations. This information is valuable for individuals with intellectual disabilities, their families, caregivers, and professionals, as it underscores the significance of tailored support plans in improving daily life participation and overall quality of life - Disabled World (DW).

Introduction

The AAIDD Definition of Intellectual Disability is Cited in SSA's Proposed Revision of Medical Criteria for Evaluating Mental Disorders. Individualized supports remain a cornerstone of the AAIDD System of diagnosing and defining intellectual disability.

Main Content

The definition of intellectual disability as cited in the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities' definition manual, Intellectual Disability: Definition, Classification, and Systems of Supports (Eleventh edition), is now part of the U.S. Social Security Administration's (SSA) Revised Medical Criteria for Mental Disorders as it appears in the Federal Register.

The proposed changes intend to update the criteria for eligibility for benefits under titles II and XVI of the Social Security Act (notably SSI and SSDI) so that applications will be evaluated based on the most current diagnostic criteria, assessment strategies, and understanding of the course of the disability.

"The Social Security Administration is to be commended for taking steps to assure that the applications for the determination of disability are evaluated in a manner consistent with current research and public opinion," says Margaret Nygren, EdD, Executive Director and CEO of AAIDD.

"As a result of this clarification, applications will be evaluated more appropriately, and people with intellectual and other disabilities will receive the benefits to which they are entitled."

The AAIDD System is based on an advanced view of disability that providing proper support will enhance the functioning of a person with an intellectual disability.

While intellectual functioning, adaptive behavior, and age of onset remain the criteria for diagnosing intellectual disability, supports remain the cornerstone of the AAIDD System.

Once a diagnosis of intellectual disability is made, planning and providing support is the key to aligning a person's capabilities and skills with what is required to participate in daily life successfully.

"The focus of the AAIDD System on individualized supports, and its strong basis in research, professional standards, and informed clinical judgment allow professionals and service providers to plan progressive services and enhance the quality of life of people living with an intellectual disability," says Robert L. Schalock, Ph.D., co-author of Intellectual Disability.

Founded in 1876, AAIDD promotes progressive policies, sound research, effective practices, and universal human rights for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Attribution/Source(s): This peer reviewed publication was selected for publishing by the editors of Disabled World (DW) due to its relevance to the disability community. Originally authored by American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) and published on 2010/09/07, this content may have been edited for style, clarity, or brevity.