Understanding Brittle Nails: Causes and Effective Treatments
Ian C. Langtree - Writer/Editor for Disabled World (DW)
Published: 2009/03/01 - Updated: 2025/05/19
Publication Type: Informative
Category Topic: Finger and Toenails - Academic Publications
Page Content: Synopsis - Introduction - Main - Insights, Updates
Synopsis: This information provides an overview of brittle nails, medically known as onychoschizia, detailing both common and less-known causes. It highlights that while aging is a frequent factor, other contributors include repeated exposure to water and harsh chemicals, nutritional deficiencies, and underlying health conditions such as hypothyroidism, Raynaud's disease, and certain skin disorders. Practical advice is offered for prevention and treatment, such as trimming nails after bathing, using emollient creams, wearing protective gloves during wet work, and incorporating biotin-rich foods or supplements into one's diet. The article's authority stems from its clear, accessible explanations and its focus on practical solutions, making it especially valuable for seniors, individuals with disabilities, and caregivers seeking to manage or prevent nail brittleness - Disabled World (DW).
Introduction
The term onychoschizia includes splitting, brittle, soft or thin toenails and fingernails. Onychoschizia is more common in women.
Main Content
Brittleness in the nail may be caused by trauma, such as repeated wetting and drying, repeated exposure to detergents and water, and excessive exposure to harsh solvents, such as those found in nail polish remover.
Nail brittleness may also be caused by an underlying medical condition, such as Raynaud's disease, low thyroid function ( hypothyroidism), or lung conditions. Other possible causes include skin diseases (psoriasis, lichen planus, alopecia areata) as well as endocrine disorders, tuberculosis, Sjogren's syndrome, and malnutrition. Selenium poisoning can also cause brittle nails.
Fortunately, there are several methods to deal with brittle nails and restore them to a healthy and strong state.
Keeping the finger and toenails trimmed and even makes it less likely that the nails will crack or tear. Trimming your nails shortly after a bath or shower makes them softer and will result in a more even cut. Use an emollient (skin softening) cream after washing or bathing.
For people constantly in contact with water the solution is to cover the hands with rubber gloves as your nails can absorb between 20 and 25 percent of their weight in water. Nails expand as they absorb water, then contract when hands are dry. The more water you expose nails to, the more they expand and contract-and that weakens them.
Poor nutrition can also cause brittle nails. The solution is to include foods in the daily diet that will promote healthy nails.
The vitamin Biotin and clear nail polish that contains protein can help strengthen your nails.
A regular soaking with vegetable oil is very effective. It replenishes the moisture lost from having your hands in and out of water frequently.
Insights, Analysis, and Developments
Editorial Note: Brittle nails are more than a cosmetic concern; they can signal underlying health issues or result from daily habits. Understanding the causes and implementing simple preventive measures can significantly improve nail health. While brittle nails might seem like a minor inconvenience, they can signal broader health concerns or pose daily challenges, especially for those with chronic illnesses or limited dexterity. This article serves as a reminder that attentive self-care and awareness of underlying health issues are essential, and even small changes in routine can significantly improve quality of life - Disabled World (DW).
Author Credentials: Ian is the founder and Editor-in-Chief of Disabled World, a leading resource for news and information on disability issues. With a global perspective shaped by years of travel and lived experience, Ian is a committed proponent of the Social Model of Disability-a transformative framework developed by disabled activists in the 1970s that emphasizes dismantling societal barriers rather than focusing solely on individual impairments. His work reflects a deep commitment to disability rights, accessibility, and social inclusion. To learn more about Ian's background, expertise, and accomplishments, visit his full biography.