Scientific Evidence that IBS is Not in Your Head

Author: Technische Universitaet Muenchen
Published: 2010/08/19 - Updated: 2025/04/19
Publication Details: Peer-Reviewed, Informative
Category Topic: Digestive System Disorders - Academic Publications

Page Content: Synopsis - Introduction - Main - Insights, Updates

Synopsis: This report presents compelling scientific evidence that Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a genuine physical disorder, not a psychosomatic condition, challenging long-standing misconceptions. It discusses new research highlighting biological markers linked to IBS, offering validation for millions who have faced skepticism about their symptoms. The information is particularly valuable for people with disabilities, seniors, and those often dismissed by medical professionals, providing clarity and improving understanding of this common but misunderstood condition. Through clear explanations, it helps readers recognize that IBS has legitimate physiological causes and is not merely "in their head" - Disabled World (DW).

Introduction

Irritable bowel syndrome makes life miserable for those affected - an estimated ten percent or more of the population.

And what irritates many of them even more is that they often are labeled as hypochondriacs, since physical causes for irritable bowel syndrome have never been identified. Now, biologists at the Technische Universitaet Muenchen (TUM) have shed new light on the matter: They have discovered mini-inflammations in the mucosa of the gut, which upset the sensitive balance of the bowel and are accompanied by sensitization of the enteric nervous system.

Main Content

Flatulence, constipation and diarrhea, nausea and stomach cramps: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can turn digestion into a nightmare.

Frequent visits to the bathroom are often accompanied by sleep disturbances, headaches, and backaches. In Germany alone, some seven million people are affected by the disorder - and by the fact that their irritable bowel syndrome is often deemed psychosomatic. This is because the organic trigger of the disease has never been discovered, and consequently the various therapeutic interventions are disappointing for both the patients and their doctors. That may soon change, however, because now, for the first time, biologists in Munich have nailed down hidden physical causes of this bowel disorder.

Professor Michael Schemann's research team at the TUM Department for Human Biology has managed to demonstrate that micro-inflammations of the mucosa cause sensitization of the enteric nervous system, thereby causing irritable bowel syndrome. Using ultrafast optical measuring methods, the researchers were able to demonstrate that mediators from mast cells and enterochromaffin cells directly activate the nerve cells in the bowel. This hypersensitivity of the enteric nervous system upsets communication between the gut's mucosa and its nervous system, as project leader Prof. Schemann explains:

"The irritated mucosa releases increased amounts of neuro-active substances such as serotonin, histamine and protease. This cocktail produced by the body could be the real cause of the unpleasant IBS complaints."

The TUM researchers in human biology are blazing a trail as they follow this lead.

Their current focus is to what extent nerve sensitization correlates with the severity of symptoms. Working with colleagues from Amsterdam, they have already substantiated the clinical relevance of their results: Irritable bowel symptoms improved after treatment with an antihistamine known for its immune-stabilizing effect in the treatment of allergic reactions such as hay fever. Thanks to funding from the German Research Foundation (DFG), the scientists are now investigating whether the improved symptoms are accompanied by a normalization of nerve activity.

Successful identification of the active components could enable the development of effective drugs to treat irritable bowel syndrome. Even now, though, the TUM team have made life easier for many IBS patients, in that they have shown that the chronic disorder does have physical causes and is not merely "in their heads."

Background

As lead author of the article in "Gastroenterology", research assistant Dr. Sabine Buehner received the 5,000-euro Norgine Gastro Award for outstanding research and discovery in the field of gastroenterology.

The project "The pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome: Effect of mucosal biopsy supernatants from patients with irritable bowel syndrome on the enteric nervous system" is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG).

Original Publications

Buehner S, Li Q, Vignali S, Barbara G, De Giorgio R, Stanghellini V, Cremon C, Zeller F, Langer R, Daniel H, Michel K, Schemann M.: Activation of human enteric neurons by supernatants of colonic biopsy specimens from patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2009 Oct.

Klooker TK, Braak B, Koopman KE, Welting O, Wouters MM, van der Heide S, Schemann M, Bischoff SC, van den Wijngaard RM, Boeckxstaens GE.: The mast cell stabilizer ketotifen decreases visceral hypersensitivity and improves intestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gut.

Insights, Analysis, and Developments

Attribution/Source(s): This peer reviewed publication was selected for publishing by the editors of Disabled World (DW) due to its relevance to the disability community. Originally authored by Technische Universitaet Muenchen and published on 2010/08/19, this content may have been edited for style, clarity, or brevity.