Stevia: Sugar Sweetener Substitute

Stevia

Stevia is a natural sweetener and sugar substitute derived from the leaves of the plant species Stevia rebaudiana, native to Brazil and Paraguay. The active compounds are steviol glycosides (mainly stevioside and rebaudioside), which have about 50 to 300 times the sweetness of sugar, and are heat-stable, pH-stable, and not fermentable. The human body does not metabolize the glycosides in stevia, so it contains zero calories as a non-nutritive sweetener. The legal status of stevia as a food additive or dietary supplement varies from country to country.

Main Digest

In the 1980s, artificial sweeteners took the world by storm. The introduction of alternatives to sugar, albeit artificially manufactured, initially had a lot of promise. However, as more and more complaints about small ailments such as headaches, dizziness, weight gain, and increased cravings have seen the light of day, the public has been looking more critically at the use of these so-called miracle sweeteners in the past few years.

Querying Google for aspartame or sucralose for a few minutes will instantly return large numbers of user complaints, which are ever-growing.

That is why lately, there has been a slight but distinct shift in consumerism. People are turning more and more towards natural alternatives to support a healthier lifestyle, either from personal choice or from a place of certainty. Natural sweeteners such as honey and agave syrup are good overall choices; however, they can still be high on calories and have a considerable glycemic load.

This brings us to stevia, an all-natural sweetener in powdered or liquid form rapidly gaining popularity. It scores a perfect zero on the glycemic index chart and harbors no calories. So how come most people still don't even know of its existence

To answer this question, we have to take a look at the turbulent history of the sweetener, also called "sweet leaf" or "honey leaf." In the late 1900s, a Swiss scientist by the name of Moses Bertoni, who was studying the habits of the indigenous tribes of South America at the time, was amazed when he noticed the natives were using dried leaves of a small plant to sweeten their "mate," a type of herbal tea. The plant, later called "Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni, " also seemed to possess healing powers: the natives would use the leaves to treat cuts and bruises and lower blood pressure.

Since then, a whole army of scientists has studied the stevia plant intensely.

They found that the raw leaves are about 40 times sweeter than sugar and that the sweetener derived from them is no less than 200 times sweeter than sucrose. Moreover, the sweet leaf can lower blood pressure in individuals suffering from hyperglycemia - although it does not lower blood pressure when blood sugar levels are normal. Since the sweetener has zero calories and scores a zero on the glycemic index chart, it is also a popular choice among people with diabetes.

While artificial sweeteners worsen cravings by throwing the body's natural ability to count carbs off balance, many people have found that stevia suppresses their cravings for sugar and calories. Some companies already produce stevia-based chewing gum because the sweet leaf has the same ability as some sugar alcohols to prevent bacteria from forming layers of dental plaque.

Stevia is sold in a number of different forms:

• As a baking blend, and so on.
• As small tablets to put in your coffee.
• As a dense extract (a white powder), as a liquid in dropper bottles (sometimes with added flavors such as vanilla).

The sweet leaf is 100% soluble in water and retains its stability in temperatures of up to 392 degrees F, making it ideal for many sugar-free recipes.

If you're keen on growing stevia, buying a plant at a local gardening center and using plant cuttings to propagate new plants is best. You can also grow the plant from its seeds, which is much harder to do as the seeds have a meager germination rate. The plant needs a lot of warmth and sunlight: the more sunlight it is exposed to, the sweeter the leaves will turn out. Frost is the sweet leaf's worst enemy.

It is generally assumed that the main reason why stevia is still relatively unknown to so many people is because of FDA interference. After all, a natural sweetener, many times more powerful than sucrose, with additional health benefits, could mean serious damage to the revenue of sugar and artificial sweeteners like aspartame, the two biggest earners in the sweetener industry.

The most remarkable story is that of Stevita Co. Inc, one of the pioneers of stevia production. In 1998, the CEO was forced by the FDA to destroy all of his stevia products and literature containing stevia recipes. They claimed that there was not enough evidence to support stevia's safety. But when local news picked up on the story, the FDA had no choice but to allow Stevita to continue with its work. Today, the company has grown into one of the biggest stevia retailers in the USA.

There have been numerous studies on the safety of stevia, with greatly varying conclusions.

Some studies question the sweetener's safety, claiming it may be carcinogenic and cause impotence. It must be noted that these studies are very much outdated, conducted by the FDA and sponsored by aspartame-producing companies. Supporting the fact that a dirty game was being played to keep stevia off the market are independent studies that indicate not only stevia's safety but also its beneficial effects like eliminating candidiasis, hyperglycemia, and even successfully countering the beginning signs of diabetes.

In 2008, both Coca-Cola and Pepsi noticed the potential of the sweet leaf and subsequently swayed the FDA's vote on stevia.

Both companies have their own patented stevia-based sweetener now - called Truvia and PureVia, respectively - based on stevia's sweet component rebaudioside A and are working on incorporating these sweeteners into their product line. Only these highly refined versions have received GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) status from the FDA; other companies that produce stevia still have to label their products as "dietary supplements" rather than sweeteners.

To conclude the troubled history of this natural sweetener, we would like to point out that stevia - with a market share of 40% - has been the number one sweetener in Japan and South America for over 40 years Noticeably customer complaints.

Resources That Provide Relevant Information

• Sugar Substitute Sweeteners
• Are Artificial Sweeteners Safe
• Diet Soda Increases Belly Fat in Seniors
• Dangers of Aspartame Artificial Sweetener
• Diet Soda and Artificial Sweeteners Bad For Health
• Non-Nutritive Sweeteners Can Alter Glycemic Responses and Microbiomes

Attribution/Source(s):

This quality-reviewed publication titled "Stevia: Sugar Sweetener Substitute" was chosen for publishing by Disabled World's editors due to its relevance to our readers in the disability community. While the content may have been edited for style, clarity, or brevity, it was originally authored by Sugar Free Stevia and published 2011/07/21 (Edit Update: 2022/08/19). For further details or clarifications, you can contact Sugar Free Stevia directly at Contact Details. Please note that Disabled World does not provide any warranties or endorsements related to this article.

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Cite This Page (APA): Sugar Free Stevia. (2011, July 21). Stevia: Sugar Sweetener Substitute. Disabled World. Retrieved April 25, 2024 from www.disabled-world.com/medical/alternative/herbal/stevia.php

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