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List of Benzodiazepines : Types and Medicinal Use

Published: 2018-11-07 - Updated: 2020-03-31
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Synopsis: Explanation of Benzodiazepines (Benzos) including a list of common Benzodiazepine brand and other names, their medical purpose and uses. It is not safe to drink alcohol or take other drugs that have similar effects on the central nervous system (CNS) at the same time. Benzodiazepines are some of the most commonly prescribed medications in the U.S. Common name Benzodiazepines include Valium and Xanax.

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What Are Benzodiazepines (Benzos)?

Benzodiazepines, sometimes called "benzos", are a class of psychoactive drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring. Benzodiazepines may be prescribed for short-term and long-term relief of severe and disabling anxiety. Common name Benzodiazepines include Valium and Xanax. Benzodiazepines are some of the most commonly prescribed medications in the U.S. They may also be indicated to cover latent periods associated with the medications prescribed to treat an underlying anxiety disorder, in fact, Benzodiazepines are used to treat a wide variety of conditions and symptoms.

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Benzodiazepines possess sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, and amnesic actions, which are useful in a variety of indications such as alcohol dependence, seizures, anxiety disorders, panic, agitation, and insomnia. Most are administered orally; however, they can also be given intravenously, intramuscularly, or rectally. Benzodiazepines exert their anxiolytic properties at moderate dosage. At higher dosage hypnotic properties occur.

Benzodiazepines are prescribed by doctors and are legal when used as prescribed. It is illegal to use benzodiazepines without a prescription, or to give or sell them to other people. When people without prescriptions obtain and take these drugs for their sedating effects, use turns into abuse.

Short-term use of Benzodiazepine medications is generally safe and effective. However, long-term use is still controversial because of the potential for tolerance, dependence, and other adverse side effects. Mixing alcohol with benzodiazepines can be fatal. It is not safe to drink alcohol or take other drugs that have similar effects on the central nervous system (CNS) at the same time because these drugs or substances interact with oral benzodiazepines by causing additional depression of the brain and respiratory depression. Respiratory depression can lead to breathing that's inadequate for supplying oxygen to the body. This can result in death.

Article continues below image.
United States yearly overdose deaths involving benzodiazepines - U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).
United States yearly overdose deaths involving benzodiazepines - U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).
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Defining Terms Used in the Benzodiazepine Chart Below

Two major therapeutic groups of muscle relaxant are:

While both neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics are often grouped together as muscle relaxants, the term is commonly used to refer to spasmolytics only.

List of Benzodiazepines

Drug Brand NameGeneric Equivalent(s) Use(s)
Adinazolam Deracyn Antidepressant, Anxiolytic
Alprazolam Alprox, Frontin, Helex, Ksalol, Misar, Neurol, Onax, Restyl, Solanax, Tafil, Trankimazin, Xanax, Xanor Anxiolytic, Antidepressant
Bentazepam Thiadipona Anxiolytic
Bretazenil Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic
Bromazepam Bromam, Lectopam, Lexatin, Lexaurin, Lexotan, Lexotanil Anxiolytic, Hypnotic
Bromazolam Anxiolytic
Brotizolam Dormex, Lendormin, Noctilan, Sintonal Hypnotic
Camazepam Albego, Limpidon, Paxor Anxiolytic
Chlordiazepoxide Elenium, Librium, Risolid Anxiolytic
Cinazepam Levana Anxiolytic, Hypnotic
Cinolazepam Gerodorm Hypnotic
Clobazam Onfi, Frisium, Urbanol Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic
Clonazepam Rivatril, Rivotril, Klonopin, Iktorivil, Paxam Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, Muscle relaxant
Clonazolam Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, Hypnotic, Muscle relaxant
Clorazepate Tranxene, Tranxilium Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic
Clotiazepam Veratran, Clozan, Rize Anxiolytic
Cloxazolam Sepazon, Olcadil Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic
Delorazepam Dadumir Amnesic, Anxiolytic
Deschloroetizolam Anxiolytic
Diazepam Antenex, Apaurin, Apozepam, Apzepam, Diazepan, Hexalid, Normabel, Pax, Stedon, Stesolid, Valaxona, Valium, Vival Amnesic, Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, Muscle relaxant
Diclazepam Amnesic, Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, Hypnotic, Muscle relaxant
Estazolam Nuctalon, ProSom Anxiolytic, Hypnotic
Ethyl carfluzepate Hypnotic
Etizolam Depas, Etilaam, Etizest, Pasaden Amnesic, Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, Hypnotic, Muscle relaxant
Ethyl loflazepate Meilax, Ronlax, Victan Anxiolytic
Flualprazolam Anxiolytic, Hypnotic
Flubromazepam Amnesic, Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, Hypnotic, Muscle relaxant
Flubromazolam Hypnotic
Fluclotizolam Hypnotic
Flunitrazepam Flunipam, Fluscand, Hipnosedon, Hypnodorm, Rohydorm, Rohypnol, Ronal, Vulbegal Hypnotic
Flunitrazolam Hypnotic
Flurazepam Dalmadorm, Dalmane, Fluzepam Hypnotic
Flutazolam Coreminal Hypnotic
Flutoprazepam Restas Anticonvulsant, Hypnotic
Halazepam Paxipam Anxiolytic
Ketazolam Anxon Anxiolytic
Loprazolam Dormonoct Hypnotic
Lorazepam Ativan, Lorabenz, Lorenin, Lorsilan, Orfidal, Tavor, Temesta Amnesic, Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, Hypnotic, Muscle relaxant
Lormetazepam Loramet, Noctamid, Pronoctan Hypnotic
Meclonazepam Anxiolytic
Medazepam Ansilan, Mezapam, Nobrium, Raporan, Rudotel Anxiolytic
Metizolam Amnesic, Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, Hypnotic, Muscle relaxant
Mexazolam Melex Anxiolytic
Midazolam Dormicum, Dormonid, Hypnovel, Versed Amnesic, Anticonvulsant, Hypnotic
Nifoxipam Hypnotic
Nimetazepam Erimin Hypnotic
Nitemazepam
Nitrazepam Alodorm, Dumolid, Mogadon, Nitrazadon, Pacisyn Anticonvulsant, Hypnotic
Nitrazolam Hypnotic
Nordiazepam Madar, Stilny Anxiolytic
Norflurazepam Hypnotic
Oxazepam Alepam, Medopam, Murelax, Noripam, Opamox, Ox-Pam, Oxabenz, Oxapax, Oxascand, Purata, Serax, Serenid, Serepax, Seresta, Sobril Anxiolytic
Phenazepam Phenazepam Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic
Pinazepam Domar Anxiolytic
Prazepam Centrax, Lysanxia Anxiolytic
Premazepam Anxiolytic
Pyrazolam Amnesic, Anxiolytic
Quazepam Doral Hypnotic
Rilmazafone Rhythmy Hypnotic
Temazepam Euhypnos, Normison, Restoril, Temaze, Tenox Anxiolytic, Hypnotic, Muscle relaxant
Thienalprazolam
Tetrazepam Myolastan Muscle relaxant
Triazolam Halcion, Rilamir Hypnotic

Benzodiazepine Designer Drugs

The National Institute on Drug Abuse defines designer drugs as drugs "manufactured to chemically resemble illicit drugs but can often be purchased legally because manufacturers continually modify their chemical structures in order to circumvent drug laws." Only a handful of the 100's of designer drugs are classified as a benzodiazepine, they include:

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Cite This Page (APA): Disabled World. (2018, November 7). List of Benzodiazepines : Types and Medicinal Use. Disabled World. Retrieved September 22, 2023 from www.disabled-world.com/medical/pharmaceutical/benzodiazepines.php

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