Medical Marijuana: Disability and Health Uses

Author: Disabled World (DW)
Updated/Revised Date: 2022/04/13
Category Topic: Medical Marijuana and Cannabis (Publications Database)

Page Content: Synopsis - Introduction - Main - Subtopics

Synopsis: Information including legal use of marijuana and cannabis by humans for recreation use and medical use for pain, psychological, and medicinal purposes. Medical Cannabis, also known as Medical marijuana, refers to the use of cannabis and its constituent cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), as medical therapy to treat disease or alleviate symptoms most notably as an antiemetic - a drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea.

Introduction

What is Medical Cannabis?

Medical Cannabis, also known as Medical marijuana, refers to the use of cannabis and its constituent cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), as medical therapy to treat disease or alleviate symptoms most notably as an antiemetic - a drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea.

Main Document

In the 1970s, a synthetic version of THC, the primary active ingredient in cannabis, was synthesized to make the pharmaceutical product drug, Marinol. Marinol is widely available through prescription. It comes in the form of a pill and is also being studied by researchers for suitability via other delivery methods, such as an inhaler or patch. The active ingredient of Marinol is synthetic THC, which has been found to relieve the nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy for cancer patients and to assist with loss of appetite with AIDS patients.

Marijuana is one of the most beneficial and therapeutically active substances known to man. The cannabis plant has been used for medicinal purposes for approximately 4,000 years. Writings from ancient India confirm that its psychoactive properties were recognized, and doctors used it for a variety of illnesses and ailments. These included a whole host of gastrointestinal disorders, insomnia, headaches and as a pain reliever frequently used in childbirth. Its usage in modern times is controversial.

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Close up photography of the top of green marijuana leaves on a juvenile cannabis plant.
Close up photography of the top of green marijuana leaves on a juvenile cannabis plant.
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List of Medical Marijuana and Cannabis Laws in Various Countries

Few herbs can offer a wide variety of therapeutic applications like these:

Other Uses Include:

"With the expansiveness that occurs with marijuana, the subject may begin to notice infinite possibilities to raise the quality of his/her life that would otherwise have remained hidden from normal, defensive consciousness. And feelings of health and happiness naturally lead to hope, which of itself can be curative." - Joan Bello

Recent studies have shown the drug to be efficacious in treating mood disorders and mental health issues such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, clinical depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and bipolar disorder. As a bronchodilator, it is beneficial for asthma patients. It can also reduce intraocular pressure and is indicated for glaucoma. In addition, it is also indicated for premenstrual syndrome, hypertension, and insomnia, and is also reported to be an effective treatment for constipation and alcohol hangovers.

Cannabis also acts as an antispasmodic and anticonvulsant and is indicated for neurological conditions such as epilepsy especially complex partial seizures, multiple sclerosis, and spasms. As an analgesic and an immunomodulator, it is indicated for conditions such as migraine, arthritis, spinal and skeletal disorders.

Medical marijuana can also benefit you psychologically and spiritually. Many obsessions or quick fixes to psychological problems can be elevated by Marijuana as well. Many people eat because they're depressed. If the depression is treated, the obsession to eat should be gone as well. Any of these physiological conditions can be treated by a psychiatrist; marijuana should be an alternative therapy, used with psychiatric therapy.

Marijuana can be used to enhance personal Spirituality. The herb tends to reveal your true self. It uncovers inner confusion and reveals your true direction - if you let it. Marijuana offers an effect that is both energizing and relaxing at the same time. This balanced effect will help some to think more clearly and more efficiently afterwards.

"Marijuana will not tolerate repression. Tranquilizers and depressants relax the body and release tension, but the state of mind associated with these drugs is "unconsciousness" whereby we escape rather than resolve our dilemmas. Alcoholism is an extreme need of both the body and personality, sometimes to release the nervousness that has accumulated and continues to build up to an unbearable degree. It serves the same function for the collective personality for the society, as well A culture in which alcohol and tranquilizers are the prevalent form of release prefers not to witness internal confusion and actually choose to act without conscious participation, maintaining a semi-numb condition." - Joan Bello

"Marijuana can act as the loosening agent, so that whatever has been banned from consciousness may come cascading forth. To uncover our deceptions without our usual rationalizations can be unpleasant, an experience that has turned many psychologically fragile individuals away from marijuana despite its therapeutic catharsis." - Joan Bello.

Physical Addictions

There have been testimonies from opiate users that report an easing of addiction cravings. Some cannabinoids in cannabis are believed to have similar effects as Ibogaine, a medication used to treat heroin addiction. The cannabinoids in Marijuana mimic the healing effects of a naturally occurring chemical in the brain called Anandimide. However, this naturally occurring cannabinoid also produces the negative effects that one would experience from high concentrations of cannabinoids in marijuana.

Country Medical Marijuana and Cannabis Laws

Country/TerritoryRecreationalMedical
Afghanistan Illegal Illegal
Albania Illegal Illegal
Algeria Illegal Illegal
Andorra Illegal Illegal
Angola Illegal Illegal
Antigua and Barbuda Decriminalized Illegal
Argentina Decriminalized Legal
Armenia Illegal Illegal
Australia Decriminalized in Northern Territory and South Australia. Legal in Australian Capital Territory for personal use but not for sale. Legal at federal level and in all states. Qualifying conditions and other details vary by state.
Austria Possession for personal use decriminalized January 2016. Dronabinol, Sativex, Nabilone
Azerbaijan Illegal Illegal
Bahamas Illegal Illegal
Bahrain Illegal Illegal
Bangladesh Illegal but often unenforced Illegal
Barbados Legal for spiritual use by registered Rastafarians Legal
Belarus Illegal Illegal
Belgium Decriminalized up to 3g or cultivation of one plant Sativex
Belize Decriminalized up to 10g Illegal
Benin Illegal Illegal
Bermuda Decriminalized up to 7g Legal
Bhutan Illegal Illegal
Bolivia Decriminalized up to 50g Illegal
Bosnia and Herzegovina Illegal Illegal
Botswana Illegal Illegal
Brazil Illegal Legal for terminally ill patients or those who have exhausted other treatment options.
Brunei Illegal Illegal
Bulgaria Illegal Illegal
Burkina Faso Illegal Illegal
Burundi Illegal Illegal
Cambodia Illegal - often unenforced Illegal
Cameroon Illegal Illegal
Canada Legal Legal
Cape Verde Illegal Illegal
Central African Republic Illegal Illegal
Chad Illegal Illegal
Chile Decriminalized for possession and cultivation Legal
People's Republic of China (PRC) Illegal Illegal
Colombia Decriminalized up to 22g or cultivation of 20 plants for personal use Legal
Comoros Illegal Illegal
Democratic Republic of the Congo Illegal Illegal
Republic of the Congo Illegal Illegal
Costa Rica Decriminalized Illegal
Croatia Decriminalized Legal
Cuba Illegal Illegal
Cyprus Illegal Legal
Czech Republic Decriminalized up to 10g or cultivation of 5 plants Legal
Denmark Illegal Legal
Djibouti Illegal Illegal
Dominica Decriminalized up to 1oz (37.8 g) Illegal
Dominican Republic Illegal Illegal
East Timor Illegal Illegal
Ecuador Decriminalized up to 10g Legal
Egypt Illegal but often unenforced Illegal
El Salvador Illegal Illegal
Equatorial Guinea Illegal Illegal
Eritrea Illegal Illegal
Estonia Decriminalized With a special permit
Eswatini (Swaziland) Illegal Illegal
Ethiopia Illegal Illegal
Fiji Illegal Illegal
Finland Illegal - sometimes not enforced Legal under license.
France Illegal, On-the-spot fine are usually issued in place of prosecution Trial program underway
Gabon Illegal Illegal
Gambia Illegal Illegal
Georgia Legal for possession and consumption, but not for sale. Use is legal, but no system for the dispensing of cannabis exists.
Germany Illegal, but prosecution may be refrained if possession is in small quantities and for personal use. Legal for seriously ill patients who have consulted a doctor and have absolutely no therapeutic alternative.
Ghana Illegal Legal only for THC less than 0.3%
Greece Illegal Legal
Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat) Illegal Illegal
Grenada Illegal Illegal
Guatemala Illegal Illegal
Guinea Illegal Illegal
Guinea-Bissau Illegal Illegal
Guyana Illegal Illegal
Haiti Illegal Illegal
Honduras Illegal Illegal
Hong Kong Illegal Illegal
Hungary Illegal Illegal
Iceland Illegal Illegal
India Illegal, but exception is made for the use of bhang. CBD oil legal, less than 0.3% THC
Indonesia Illegal Illegal
Iran Illegal, but not strictly enforced Illegal
Iraq Illegal Illegal
Ireland Illegal Legal as part of 5-year pilot program enacted in June 2019
Israel Decriminalized Legal
Italy Possession decriminalized; home cultivation legal in small amounts for personal use. Legal
Ivory Coast Illegal Illegal
Jamaica Decriminalized up to 2oz (75.6 g) or cultivation of 5 plants. Legal for Rastafari. Legal
Japan Illegal Illegal
Jordan Illegal Illegal
Kazakhstan Illegal Illegal
Kenya Illegal Illegal
Kiribati Illegal Illegal
Korea, North (DPRK) Unknown Unknown
Korea, South Illegal Access limited to Epidiolex, Marinol and Sativex as of now due to the policy implemented by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety
Kosovo Illegal Illegal
Kuwait Illegal Illegal
Kyrgyzstan Illegal Illegal
Laos Illegal but often unenforced Illegal
Latvia Illegal Illegal
Lebanon Illegal Legal
Lesotho Illegal but tolerated Illegal
Liberia Illegal Illegal
Libya Illegal Illegal
Liechtenstein Illegal Illegal
Lithuania Illegal Legal
Luxembourg Decriminalized Legal
Macau, SAR of China Illegal Illegal
Madagascar Illegal Illegal
Malawi Illegal Legal
Malaysia Illegal Illegal
Maldives Illegal Illegal
Mali Illegal Illegal
Malta Legal for possession, consumption, and cultivation. Distribution is allowed through non-profit cannabis clubs. Legal
Marshall Islands Illegal Illegal
Mauritania Illegal Illegal
Mauritius Illegal Illegal
Mexico Legal for possession, consumption, and cultivation with a permit, but not for sale. Use is legal, but no system for the dispensing of cannabis exists.
Micronesia Illegal Illegal
Moldova Decriminalized Illegal
Monaco Illegal Illegal
Mongolia Illegal Illegal
Montenegro Illegal Illegal
Morocco Illegal - often unenforced Legal
Mozambique Illegal Illegal
Myanmar Illegal - often unenforced Illegal
Namibia Illegal Illegal
Nepal Illegal - allowed during Maha Shivaratri Illegal
Netherlands Consumption and sale are tolerated in licensed coffee shops. Possession of up to 5g is decriminalized. Cultivation of up to 5 plants is unenforced for non-commercial use (unless grown in a professional setup). Legal
New Zealand Illegal Legal
Nicaragua Illegal Illegal
Niger Illegal Illegal
Nigeria Illegal Illegal
North Macedonia Illegal Legal
Norway Illegal Legal
Oman Illegal Illegal
Pakistan Illegal - often unenforced (particularly in some tribal regions) CBD only
Palau Illegal Illegal
Panama Illegal Legal
Papua New Guinea Illegal Illegal
Paraguay Decriminalized up to 10g Illegal
Peru Decriminalized Legal
Philippines Illegal Illegal but may be allowed with special permit
Poland Illegal, but may not be enforced for small amounts, legal below 0.2% THC Legal
Portugal Decriminalized up to 25g of herb or 5g of hashish Legal
Qatar Illegal Illegal
Romania Illegal Cannabis-derived drugs less than 0.2% THC can be prescribed
Russia Illegal Illegal
Rwanda Illegal Legal
Saint Kitts and Nevis Decriminalized up to 15g Illegal
Saint Lucia Decriminalized up to 30g Illegal
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Decriminalized up to 2oz (75.6 g) Legal
Samoa Illegal Illegal
San Marino Illegal Legal
São Tomé and Príncipe Illegal Illegal
Saudi Arabia Illegal Illegal
Senegal Illegal Illegal
Serbia Illegal Illegal
Seychelles Illegal Illegal
Sierra Leone Illegal Illegal
Singapore Illegal CBD only
Slovakia Illegal Illegal
Slovenia Decriminalized Sativex, Marinol, CBD
Solomon Islands Illegal Illegal
Somalia Illegal Illegal
South Africa Legal for possession, cultivation, and use in private places, but not for sale. Use is legal, but no system for the dispensing of medicinal cannabis exists.
South Sudan Illegal Illegal
Spain Decriminalized. Use and possession in private areas allowed for own consumption. Public possession or consumption can result in a fine. Cultivation for personal use allowed in private areas, including Cannabis Social Clubs. Sativex
Sri Lanka Illegal Legalized by amendment made in colonial law by 1980s and through the Ayurveda Act.
Sudan Illegal Illegal
Suriname Illegal Illegal
Sweden Illegal Legal under limited circumstances for patients who obtain a license.
Switzerland Decriminalized. Legal below 1.0% THC. Legal
Syria Illegal Illegal
Taiwan Illegal Illegal
Tajikistan Illegal Illegal
Tanzania Illegal Illegal
Thailand Illegal but often unenforced Legal
Togo Illegal Illegal
Tonga Illegal Illegal
Trinidad and Tobago Decriminalized up to 30g, cultivation of 4 plants per adult Illegal
Tunisia Illegal Illegal
Turkey Illegal Sativex
Turkmenistan Illegal Illegal
Tuvalu Illegal Illegal
Uganda Illegal Illegal
Ukraine Illegal Limited to Dronabinol and Nabiximols
United Arab Emirates Illegal Illegal
United Kingdom Illegal, but a cannabis warning or an on-the-spot fine ("Penalty Notice for Disorder") may be issued for simple possession instead of prosecution. Cannabis-derived medicines are legal only when prescribed by a specialist consultant.
United States Legalized in 18 states, 2 territories, and the District of Columbia - but illegal at federal level. Decriminalized in another 13 states and 1 territory. Legalized in 37 states, 4 territories, and the District of Columbia - but illegal at federal level.
Uruguay Legal, but buying prohibited for foreigners. Cultivation allowed up to six plants. Legal for all uses.
Uzbekistan Illegal Illegal
Vanuatu Illegal Legal
Vatican City Illegal Illegal
Venezuela Illegal Illegal
Vietnam Illegal Illegal
Yemen Illegal Illegal
Zambia Illegal Legal
Zimbabwe Illegal Legal

Publications

- What legal Cannabis in Canada means for Science showcases research demonstrating how industry developments are expected to promote growth over 50%.

- Medical cannabis patients and businesses are protected from federal intervention after President Trump signed the new spending bill into law.

- Research shows medical cannabis therapy can significantly reduce chronic pain in patients age 65 and older without adverse effects.

Complete List of Publications

Subtopics

Citing Information and Page References

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Cite This Page (APA): Disabled World (DW). (Rev. 2022, April 13). Medical Marijuana: Disability and Health Uses. Disabled World (DW). Retrieved March 18, 2025 from www.disabled-world.com/medical/pharmaceutical/marijuana/

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