America's Ethnic Enclaves: Culture Without Passports

Author: Victor Block
Published: 2025/08/23
Publication Type: Informative
Category Topic: Disability Travel America - Academic Publications

Page Content: Synopsis - Introduction - Main - Insights, Updates

Synopsis: This article explores America's diverse ethnic enclaves, tracing their origins from early colonial Italian settlements in South Philadelphia through the development of vibrant cultural communities across the nation today. Beginning with the historic South 9th Street Italian Market that emerged in the 1880s and evolved into the country's largest continuous outdoor arcade, the piece demonstrates how immigrant communities have created authentic cultural experiences accessible to all Americans. The article highlights accessibility initiatives like the ArtAccess project and wheelchair-accessible attractions at places like Conner Prairie, ensuring these cultural treasures serve visitors with disabilities and seniors. From Queens' remarkable diversity with residents from 120+ countries speaking 135 languages, to Edison's concentrated Indian community and Indianapolis's Burmese Chin neighborhood, these enclaves offer authentic dining, festivals, and cultural immersion opportunities that provide meaningful connections to global traditions without international travel - Disabled World (DW).

Introduction

During the 18^th century Colonial period in the United States, a small number of immigrants came from Italy, and some of them settled in South Philadelphia. They were followed by a much larger influx of Italians who arrived during the late 19^th and 20^th centuries. Those migrants imported cultural, culinary, and other influences which added numerous touches of "the old country" to that neighborhood.

Main Content

In the 1880s, a curbside market sprang up to cater to the food preferences of the increasing Italian population. The South 9^th Street Italian Market evolved into the largest continuous outdoor arcade in the country, and it continues to operate today.

This community is one of many ethnic enclaves throughout the United States that capture the essence of another nation. Some may be where, or close to, where you live. Others might tempt you to drop by when you're traveling. An Internet search can lead you to many of these hidden gems.

Numerous cities have a Little Italy or Chinatown, but there also are sections devoted to a wide variety of other countries and cultures. Visiting them provides an opportunity to take a virtual trip without leaving the United States.

Fortunately, many of these places have taken steps to make sure that as many people as possible may enjoy what they have to offer.

Piloted in 1983 in Queens, New York as Please Touch, to provide art education for people with low vision, the ArtAccess project has grown into a nationally replicated model designed for all audiences, including those with disabilities. Another attraction, the Queens Museum, provides unique programs for children, teens, and adults with a handicap.

The majority of museums and other attractions in Indianapolis are fully accessible or at least partially reachable in a wheelchair. Conner Prairie, home to an 1836 prairie town, Civil War skirmish and Lenape Indian Camp, offers free accessible parking, complimentary loaner wheelchairs, and services to those on the autism spectrum

According to the latest national census, there are about 350,000 people in the U.S. who self-identify as Ethiopian, the largest cluster outside of Africa. Virginia, California and Maryland have the greatest concentration of them. Washington, DC isn't far behind, with more than 1,200 Ethiopian-owned restaurants, markets and other businesses, along with eight Ethiopian Orthodox churches.

For many visitors to the Queens borough of New York City, the greatest appeal is that fully one-half of its residents were born outside the United States. They immigrated from over 120 counties and speak some 135 languages. The Tower of Babel had nothing on this enclave.

A good introduction to the cultural conglomeration comes during walks through some of the 50-plus neighborhoods that are adjacent in geography yet worlds apart in ambience and atmosphere. A stretch of Roosevelt Avenue in Jackson Heights would be at home in Central and South America. Astoria provides an introduction to authentic Greek culture, including tavernas that serve traditional meze appetizers and magnificent Greek Orthodox churches.

Astoria also is dotted with mini-neighborhoods occupied by immigrants from India, Korea, Romania, the Dominican Republic and other far-flung countries. Given the name, it's no surprise that the Jamaica area has strong roots in the Caribbean. Then there are sections known as Little Egypt, Little Guyana, Little Thailand, Little Colombia, Little Manila and Little India.

One of the densest gatherings of Indian immigrants is found in Edison, New Jersey. They co-habitat with a large, diverse group of people from South Asia. Many South Asian-owned shops are concentrated along Oak Tree Road. Edison erupts with music, dance and celebration during traditional Indian holidays.

An annual festival in Los Angeles is observed by the largest concentration of Koreans outside of their native land. They began to congregate there in the 1930s and established familiar eateries, karaoke bars and other establishments. Nearby are the Korean American National Museum and Korean Cultural Center.

A neighborhood inhabited by a number of people from another country that touches China is nicknamed Chindianapolis. In the past few decades, the south side of Indianapolis has been transformed into one of the largest Burmese Chin communities outside of Myanmar.

The Chin are people who live in the mountains along the Myanmar-India border, an isolated place they believed would protect them from outside aggressors. They were a primarily Christian minority in their majority Buddhist homeland and some fled to the United States to escape religious and ethnic persecution. Memories of their native land live on at the Indiana Chin Center and at restaurants that serve dishes familiar to them like vok ril, a pork blood sausage, and sabuti, meat and ground corn soup.

Dining on unfamiliar dishes, celebrating traditional Indian holidays and other unusual activities might not be in your regular to-do list. However, those and other experiences are available to those seeking to immerse themselves in customs of other countries and people around the world without traveling far from home.

Insights, Analysis, and Developments

Author Credentials: Victor Block has been a travel journalist for many years, and has written for major newspapers, magazines and travel websites and served as an editor of Fodor's Travel Guides. He is a member of the Society of American Travel Writers and the North American Travel Journalists Association. Victor is a regular contributor of reviews to the Disabled World travel section. Visit Victors's biography for further insights into his background and expertise.